When an unconscious patient is unable to breathe on their own, which device is typically established?

When an unconscious patient is unable to breathe on their own, the most appropriate device to establish is an endotracheal tube. This device provides a direct path to the airway, ensuring that oxygen can be delivered effectively to the lungs. It is critical in emergencies where respiratory support is needed to maintain ventilation and prevent further hypoxia.

The endotracheal tube is designed to be inserted into the trachea, bypassing potential obstructions in the upper airway that could arise from the patient's unconscious state, such as the tongue falling back or secretions blocking airflow. This method allows for more controlled ventilation, ensuring that air reaches the lungs even in the absence of the patient's ability to breathe independently.

In contrast, an oxygen mask primarily delivers supplemental oxygen but does not secure the airway, which can be inadequate if the patient is unable to maintain their own ventilation. A tracheostomy is a more invasive procedure typically reserved for long-term airway management rather than immediate situations. A nebulizer is used for delivering medication via a mist, often for conditions like asthma, and is not suitable for airway management in an unconscious patient.